(Are you getting ready for UPSC CSE 2025? You could not ignore the CSAT paper. UPSC Prelims 2024 had a transparent message for college students that CSAT follow must be a relentless a part of preparation. So, UPSC Necessities’ particular collection ‘UPSC CSAT Simplified’ presents some vital subjects from the qualifying CSAT paper of UPSC prelims. The goal is to offer you some examined strategies to reply the questions appropriately with out squandering precious time.)
Suppose you might have gone buying, and you want a product. All of us like reductions on our merchandise. What if it’s the season of festivals and the shopkeeper offers you a reduction of 15% adopted by a reduction of 10%?
Have you ever ever puzzled what your web low cost can be in such a situation? Wouldn’t it be a 25% whole low cost or a complete low cost of 12.5% or not one of the above?
UPSC usually asks such difficult questions in its CSAT paper. The draw back of such questions is that it’d take us numerous time to resolve via conventional strategies. However the UPSC CSAT paper is all about accuracy with swiftness. So, on this article, let’s strive a shortcut to resolve such questions with ease.
What’s the shortcut and the right way to use it?
CASE 1
Allow us to say a shopkeeper first offers you a reduction of 15% after which offers you a reduction of 10%. To place it in another way, allow us to say a shopkeeper offers you a successive low cost of 15% and 10%, then what can be the web low cost fee? Allow us to calculate it utilizing the shortcut given above.
Allow us to take into account:
We add a minus (-) signal right here to depict the low cost (i.e. a value discount). Please be aware that for this shortcut, we are going to all the time use the adverse signal each time a reduction is given to us. Placing the values of ‘a’ and ‘b’ within the shortcut we get:
It implies that if the shopkeeper offers us a successive low cost of 15% adopted by a reduction of 10%, the web low cost over the unique value might be 23.5%.
CASE 2
The successive reductions had been one a part of the enterprise. However once we run a store, there is perhaps totally different eventualities that can encounter us. Allow us to say a shopkeeper is working a toy store. On one of many toys the shopkeeper makes a revenue of 15% and on the opposite toy he makes a lack of 10%.
Are you able to inform the web revenue or lack of the shopkeeper? It’d take us a while and calculation to resolve this drawback. Nonetheless, we are able to use the shortcut used above to resolve this drawback very quickly.
Allow us to take into account:
We now have thought-about the worth of ‘a’ with a ‘+’ signal to depict revenue and the worth of ‘b’ with a minus (-) signal to depict loss. Please be aware that we all the time take into account revenue as constructive and loss as adverse.
Placing the values of ‘a’ and ‘b’ within the shortcut we get:
The constructive signal within the web worth depicts revenue. It implies that if the shopkeeper is promoting one toy at a revenue of 15% and one other toy at a lack of 10%, then the web revenue might be 3.5%.
CASE 3
On comparable strains, allow us to take into account a case the place the shopkeeper is making a revenue of 10% on one toy and a revenue of 5% on one other toy. In such a case, for the reason that shopkeeper is making a revenue on each the toys, we are going to take into account the values of ‘a’ and ‘b’ as constructive:
Placing the worth within the shortcut we get:
CASE 4
Allow us to say, the shopkeeper is making a revenue of 10% on one toy and a lack of 10% on one other toy. Now if I ask you his web revenue or loss, your first intuition would say that he neither made a loss nor made a revenue. He simply did each the transactions at breakeven. Nonetheless, your intuition is perhaps incorrect. Allow us to see how!
Within the above instance:
- a = +10% (depicting the revenue of 10%)
- b = -10% (depicting the lack of 10%)
Placing the values within the shortcut we get the next:
Examine your progress:
If a shopkeeper sells one product at a lack of 5% and one other product at a lack of 20%, then what can be his web loss?
(About our Skilled: Mudit Gupta has been a mentor and college for the UPSC Civil Companies examination for 8 years with experience in CSAT, Polity, Worldwide Relations, and Present Affairs. He’s identified to interrupt complicated ideas into easier ones that permit UPSC aspirants to develop a grip over the subject material.)
Subscribe to our UPSC newsletter and keep up to date with the information cues from the previous week.
The UPSC articles of Indian Express is now on Telegram. Be a part of our Telegram channel- Indian Express UPSC Hub and keep up to date with the most recent Updates.